// References / Resources / Inspiration
//     https://gist.github.com/nonsintetic/ad13e70f164801325f5f552f84306d6f

// Varous system includes
#include <Arduino.h>
#include "wiring_private.h"

// Various library includes
#include <CircularBuffer.h>

// Buffer for serial data -> i2c
CircularBuffer<byte, 16 * 1024> uartBufferOutbound;

// Buffer for serial data <- i2c
CircularBuffer<byte, 1024> uartBufferInbound;

// Board LED Pin
#define PIN_BOARD_LED 13

// Blinking timer setup
#define TIMER_MILLIS 500
bool ledState = false;
void TC5_Handler(void);
void timerConfigure(int sampleRate);

// General UART configuration struct
struct {
  // Whether or not the USB is used for serial communications (stand alone builds)
  bool Serial = true;
  // Whether or not the i2c is used for serial communication (_controller builds)
  bool uartI2C = false;

  // Use the generic uart setup with the rpi
  bool Serial1 = true;
  // Use uart0 on the rpi
  bool rpiUART0 = true;
  // Use uart5 on the rpi
  bool rpiUART5 = true;
} uartConfig;

// Additional serial ports for communication <> RPI
//     https://learn.adafruit.com/using-atsamd21-sercom-to-add-more-spi-i2c-serial-ports?view=all#creating-a-new-serial
//     D11 (RX) -- GPIO 8 (TX)
//     D10 (TX) -- GPIO 10 (RX)
//     MISO (RX) -- GPIO 32 (TX)
//     MOSI (TX) -- GPIO 33 (RX)
Uart rpiUART0 (&sercom1, 10, 11, SERCOM_RX_PAD_0, UART_TX_PAD_2);
Uart rpiUART5 (&sercom4, PIN_SPI_MISO, PIN_SPI_MOSI, SERCOM_RX_PAD_0, UART_TX_PAD_2);
void SERCOM1_Handler() {
  rpiUART0.IrqHandler();
}
void SERCOM4_Handler() {
  rpiUART5.IrqHandler();
}

// Misc uart functions (defined after setup/loop)
void setupUARTs();

// Setup stuff needed for build
void setup() {
  // Setup board LED
  pinMode(PIN_BOARD_LED, OUTPUT);

  // Timer setup
  timerConfigure(TIMER_MILLIS);
  timerStartCounter();

  // Setup UARTS
  setupUARTs();

  // Assign SERCOM functionality
  pinPeripheral(10, PIO_SERCOM);
  pinPeripheral(11, PIO_SERCOM);
}

// Main function
int serialIncomingByte;
void loop() {
  while (uartConfig.Serial && Serial.available()) {
    uartBufferOutbound.push(Serial.read());
    if (uartConfig.Serial1) {
      Serial1.write(uartBufferOutbound.last());
    }
    if (uartConfig.rpiUART0) {
      rpiUART0.write(uartBufferOutbound.last());
    }
    if (uartConfig.rpiUART5) {
      rpiUART5.write(uartBufferOutbound.last());
    }
  }
  while (uartConfig.Serial1 && Serial1.available()) {
    uartBufferInbound.push(Serial1.read());
    if (uartConfig.Serial) {
      Serial.write(uartBufferInbound.last());
    }
  }
  while (uartConfig.rpiUART0 && rpiUART0.available()) {
    uartBufferInbound.push(rpiUART0.read());
    if (uartConfig.Serial) {
      Serial.write(uartBufferInbound.last());
    }
  }
  while (uartConfig.rpiUART5 && rpiUART5.available()) {
    uartBufferInbound.push(rpiUART5.read());
    if (uartConfig.Serial) {
      Serial.write(uartBufferInbound.last());
    }
  }
}

// Method to setup / reset the uarts
void setupUARTs() {
  // Close ALL serial ports and re-enable per config (config can change during runtime)
  Serial.end();
  Serial1.end();
  rpiUART0.end();
  rpiUART5.end();

  // Setup serial ports
  if (uartConfig.Serial) {
    Serial.begin(115200);
  }
  if (uartConfig.Serial1) {
    Serial1.begin(115200);
  }
  if (uartConfig.rpiUART0) {
    rpiUART0.begin(115200);
  }
  if (uartConfig.rpiUART5) {
    rpiUART5.begin(115200);
  }
}

// Timer handler
void TC5_Handler (void) {
  if(ledState == true) {
    digitalWrite(PIN_BOARD_LED, HIGH);
  } else {
    digitalWrite(PIN_BOARD_LED, LOW);
  }
  ledState = !ledState;
  TC5->COUNT16.INTFLAG.bit.MC0 = 1; //Writing a 1 to INTFLAG.bit.MC0 clears the interrupt so that it will run again
}

//Configures the TC to generate output events at the sample frequency.
//Configures the TC in Frequency Generation mode, with an event output once
//each time the audio sample frequency period expires.
void timerConfigure(int sampleRate) {
  // select the generic clock generator used as source to the generic clock multiplexer
  GCLK->CLKCTRL.reg = (uint16_t) (GCLK_CLKCTRL_CLKEN | GCLK_CLKCTRL_GEN_GCLK0 | GCLK_CLKCTRL_ID(GCM_TC4_TC5)) ;
  while (GCLK->STATUS.bit.SYNCBUSY);

  timerReset(); //reset TC5

  // Set Timer counter 5 Mode to 16 bits, it will become a 16bit counter ('mode1' in the datasheet)
  TC5->COUNT16.CTRLA.reg |= TC_CTRLA_MODE_COUNT16;
  // Set TC5 waveform generation mode to 'match frequency'
  TC5->COUNT16.CTRLA.reg |= TC_CTRLA_WAVEGEN_MFRQ;
  //set prescaler
  //the clock normally counts at the GCLK_TC frequency, but we can set it to divide that frequency to slow it down
  //you can use different prescaler divisons here like TC_CTRLA_PRESCALER_DIV1 to get a different range
  TC5->COUNT16.CTRLA.reg |= TC_CTRLA_PRESCALER_DIV1024 | TC_CTRLA_ENABLE; //it will divide GCLK_TC frequency by 1024
  //set the compare-capture register. 
  //The counter will count up to this value (it's a 16bit counter so we use uint16_t)
  //this is how we fine-tune the frequency, make it count to a lower or higher value
  //system clock should be 1MHz (8MHz/8) at Reset by default
  TC5->COUNT16.CC[0].reg = (uint16_t) (SystemCoreClock / sampleRate);
  while (timerIsSyncing());
 
  // Configure interrupt request
  NVIC_DisableIRQ(TC5_IRQn);
  NVIC_ClearPendingIRQ(TC5_IRQn);
  NVIC_SetPriority(TC5_IRQn, 0);
  NVIC_EnableIRQ(TC5_IRQn);

  // Enable the TC5 interrupt request
  TC5->COUNT16.INTENSET.bit.MC0 = 1;
  while (timerIsSyncing()); //wait until TC5 is done syncing 
} 

//Function that is used to check if TC5 is done syncing
//returns true when it is done syncing
bool timerIsSyncing() {
  return TC5->COUNT16.STATUS.reg & TC_STATUS_SYNCBUSY;
}

//This function enables TC5 and waits for it to be ready
void timerStartCounter() {
  TC5->COUNT16.CTRLA.reg |= TC_CTRLA_ENABLE; //set the CTRLA register
  while (timerIsSyncing()); //wait until snyc'd
}

//Reset TC5 
void timerReset() {
  TC5->COUNT16.CTRLA.reg = TC_CTRLA_SWRST;
  while (timerIsSyncing());
  while (TC5->COUNT16.CTRLA.bit.SWRST);
}

//disable TC5
void timerDisable() {
  TC5->COUNT16.CTRLA.reg &= ~TC_CTRLA_ENABLE;
  while (timerIsSyncing());
}